PINK EYE – SYMPTOMS, CAUSES AND TREATMENT

Acute conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammatory condition of the conjunctiva of the eye. Pink eye can occur in people of all genders and ages and may recur because the body does not develop permanent immunity. The characteristic sign is redness of the eyes, and patients may also experience other symptoms such as:

• Itching and a gritty or burning sensation in the eyes

• Swollen eyelids

• Stringy eye discharge

• Blurred vision

• Sensitivity to light

• Glare

• Dry eyes

• Watery eyes

Why does pink eye spread easily within the community and become an outbreak?

Pink eye can spread through the respiratory route. When an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes, the virus is released into the air in respiratory droplets. Uninfected individuals may inhale air containing the virus during close contact with the infected person.

Transmission can also occur when uninfected individuals touch surfaces contaminated with respiratory secretions from an infected person and then rub their eyes or touch their nose or mouth, inadvertently introducing the virus into the body.

How is pink eye treated?

In most cases caused by viral infection, pink eye will resolve on its own within 7–14 days without the need for antibiotics. Patients can rest at home and follow the instructions below:

1. Clean the eyes regularly with sterile saline solution, cleaning each eye separately to prevent cross-infection.
2. Avoid rubbing the eyes.
3. Wear sunglasses when going outdoors.
4. Maintain a balanced diet to strengthen the immune system.
5. Apply cold compresses to the eyes when discomfort occurs.

In addition, if pink eye is complicated by a bacterial infection, patients should seek prompt medical care at a healthcare facility to receive timely treatment from ophthalmologists, in order to prevent corneal complications such as keratitis and corneal ulcers, which may lead to blindness.

Prevention of Pink Eye

1. Wash hands frequently to eliminate disease-causing agents.

2. Avoid sharing personal items such as face towels, eye drops, glasses, and face masks.

3. Avoid exposing the eyes to dirty water or chemical-containing products such as body wash; if exposure occurs, rinse the eyes thoroughly.

4. Wear sunglasses and face masks to protect the eyes from dust and environmental irritants.

5. Avoid crowded places.

6. Keep living spaces clean and well ventilated.

7. Maintain a balanced, nutritious diet to strengthen the immune system