Erectile Dysfunction

According to statistics, approximately 50% of men aged between 40 and 70 experience erectile dysfunction. This condition is becoming increasingly common, even among younger men.

Erectile Dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction, also known as impotence, occurs when the penis is unable to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. It is a common health issue in men and can significantly affect quality of life as well as psychological well-being.

Erectile dysfunction among younger men is also on the rise due to life pressures and unhealthy lifestyles.

Types of Erectile Dysfunction

Vascular Erectile Dysfunction

An erection occurs when blood fills the chambers within the penis, causing it to become firm. Vascular erectile dysfunction can occur when the blood vessels supplying the penis are blocked or damaged, preventing adequate blood flow.

Neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction

Erection is not only a function of the penis but is also controlled by signals from the brain. Damage to the nerves involved in this process can lead to erectile dysfunction.

Hormonal Erectile Dysfunction

Hormones play a crucial role in the body. Testosterone is the primary hormone responsible for male physical characteristics and sexual desire. Low testosterone levels can reduce libido and may result in erectile dysfunction.

Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction

Psychological issues such as anxiety, embarrassment, emotional inhibition, depression, and stress can negatively affect the ability to achieve or maintain an erection.

Psychological Factors That Can Cause Erectile Dysfunction

People with depression have approximately a 40% higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction compared to those without depression.

Causes of Erectile Dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction can be caused by various factors, including:

Physical Factors:

Cardiovascular diseases: Individuals with cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, or atherosclerosis are more likely to experience erectile dysfunction due to reduced blood flow to the penis.

Diabetes: This is a leading cause of damage to blood vessels and nerves, which impairs the ability to achieve or maintain an erection.

Hormonal disorders: Low testosterone levels or hormonal imbalances can result in reduced sexual desire and difficulty maintaining an erection.

Obesity Can Reduce Male Hormone Levels and Lead to Erectile Dysfunction

Obesity: Excess body weight not only affects overall health but also lowers testosterone levels, which can result in erectile dysfunction.

Injuries or surgery: Pelvic or spinal injuries, as well as prostate surgery, can damage nerves and blood vessels, thereby affecting the ability to achieve or maintain an erection.

Psychological Factors:

Stress and anxiety: Work pressure and life-related stress are among the main factors contributing to erectile dysfunction in younger men.

Depression: Negative mood and loss of self-confidence can reduce sexual desire and impair erectile function.

Relieving Psychological Barriers and Maintaining a Relaxed Mindset Can Help in Treating Erectile Dysfunction

Relationship pressure: Conflicts with a partner and anxiety about sexual performance can also contribute to erectile dysfunction.

Unhealthy Lifestyle Factors:

Smoking: Nicotine in cigarettes causes blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow to the penis.

Smoking can cause many health problems, including erectile dysfunction.

Alcohol abuse: Excessive alcohol consumption not only lowers testosterone levels but also negatively affects nerve function and blood circulation.

Lack of physical activity: A sedentary lifestyle reduces blood circulation, which can impair erectile function.

Unhealthy eating habits: Diets high in fat, sugar, and salt can lead to obesity and cardiovascular diseases, increasing the risk of erectile dysfunction.

Erectile dysfunction in older men is mainly associated with vascular problems. As people age, blood vessels may become blocked or damaged due to the buildup of cholesterol and fat, resulting in reduced blood flow to the penis. Conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease can further worsen this condition.

In contrast, erectile dysfunction in younger men is more commonly linked to psychological factors. Stress, anxiety about sexual performance, and relationship pressures can significantly affect erectile ability. These psychological issues may intensify erectile dysfunction, making it difficult to achieve or maintain an erection when needed.

Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction

The symptoms of erectile dysfunction may vary from person to person and may include:

• Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection: This is the most obvious symptom of erectile dysfunction.
• Decreased sexual desire: This may result from psychological issues such as stress or anxiety, or from hormonal imbalances, particularly low testosterone levels.
• Ejaculatory disorders: Including premature ejaculation or difficulty ejaculating.
• Insufficient erection: The penis may become erect but not firm enough for sexual intercourse.

Groups at High Risk of Erectile Dysfunction

• Age: Men under 40 can also experience this condition, and the prevalence increases to about 50% among those aged 40 to 70.
• People with chronic diseases: Such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and high blood pressure.
• Smokers and people who abuse alcohol.
• People who are physically inactive or obese.
• Individuals who have undergone pelvic surgery.
• People with psychological issues: Stress, anxiety, depression, and relationship difficulties can all contribute to erectile dysfunction.

Diagnosis of Erectile Dysfunction

Accurate diagnosis is the first step toward effective treatment of erectile dysfunction. The doctor will typically:

Review the patient’s medical history: Including underlying medical conditions, current medications, and lifestyle habits.

Perform a physical examination: This includes examining the penis and testicles, as well as checking for signs of vascular or hormonal problems.

When symptoms of erectile dysfunction appear, patients should seek medical evaluation for timely treatment.

Paraclinical Tests / Diagnostic Tests:

Blood and urine tests: These are conducted to detect conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and low testosterone levels.

Mental health assessment: This helps determine whether the patient is experiencing stress, depression, or other psychological issues that may contribute to erectile dysfunction.

Doppler ultrasound: Used to assess blood flow to the penis.

Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction

Depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition, the doctor will recommend an appropriate treatment plan. Common treatment options include:

• Medication: Oral erectile dysfunction medications taken before sexual activity may be prescribed. These drugs work by increasing blood flow to the penis, helping improve erections in response to sexual stimulation.
• Hormone replacement therapy: Testosterone therapy may be prescribed if testosterone levels are low.
• Vacuum erection device (penis pump): This device consists of a tube that fits over the penis and a pump that removes air from the tube, drawing blood into the penis. An elastic ring is then placed around the base of the penis to maintain the erection, and the vacuum tube is removed. After intercourse, the ring is removed to end the erection.
• Lifestyle changes: Losing weight and maintaining regular physical activity can help improve erectile dysfunction symptoms. Patients are advised to stop smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and avoid stimulants such as cannabis or other recreational drugs.
• Surgery: In severe cases, surgical options such as vascular reconstruction or penile implant surgery may be considered.

Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction

Prevention is the best way to reduce the risk of erectile dysfunction and maintain stable sexual health. Below are effective preventive measures:

Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle

Engage in regular physical activity, at least 30 minutes a day, to improve blood circulation and overall health.

Maintain a balanced diet and include foods rich in zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin E to support sexual function.

Avoid processed foods high in sugar, fat, and salt.

A diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes (such as beans, peas, and lentils), and fish, while limiting red meat and processed meats, can help reduce the risk of erectile dysfunction.

Weight Management

Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for erectile dysfunction. Losing weight not only improves sexual health but also reduces the risk of underlying medical conditions.

Limit Alcohol, Tobacco, and Stimulants

Alcohol and tobacco can reduce blood flow to the penis, while stimulants can damage the nervous system, leading to impaired sexual function.

Manage Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress and anxiety are significant contributors to erectile dysfunction. Practicing relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, or engaging in recreational activities can help maintain a healthy and relaxed state of mind.

Regular Health Check-ups

Regular medical check-ups help detect underlying health conditions early and allow for timely treatment.

Nam Sai Gon International General Hospital accepts Health Insurance and Medical Insurance.

Nam Sai Gon International General Hospital

No. 88, Street No. 8, Trung Son Residential Area, Binh Hung Commune, Ho Chi Minh City.

Hotline: 18006767

info@nih.com.vn

BRC: No. 0312088602, issued on December 14th, 2012 by the Department of Planning and Investment of Ho Chi Minh City. Medical Examination and Treatment License No. 230/BYT-GPHĐ, issued by the Ministry of Health.